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Judith H. Dobrzynski on Culture

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A Voice To Be Heard — And Heeded?

director-nicholas-penny-c-thirdHooray — again — for Nicholas Penny, director of the National Gallery in London. Here’s a guy who is willing to speak up, plainly and clearly, about various museum and arts issues, and let the chips fall where they may. (In case you do not recall, I last mentioned him here, when he spoke out against breaking a deed of gift to send the Burrell collection on the road to raise money, and I previously agreed with his take on the sameness of contemporary art collections.) I don’t always agree with Penny, but — from the comments he makes that I learn of — I like that he is willing, when necessary, to take unpopular stances.

In a new interview, Penny reflected on the current art world, saying (boldface mine):

  • Of artists who are out of favor (like Perugino): “…it’s too obviously important to put these artists in the basement. But we are, I often think, looking after them for the time when they’ll make more impression. People underestimate the degree to which someone in my position should be thinking about posterity, ensuring that the pictures get there – which means not just their conservation but keeping alive some of the scholarly and critical interest which will be more significant in the future.”
  • “I don’t believe art up to the present should be taught at university. Because of consumer demand, the explosion of teaching of contemporary art now is colossal – and it is achieved at the expense of older art. We at the National Gallery should do more to become a magnet for scholarship.”
  • “I never attend much to the importance of numbers. You only have to spend time in a gallery to realise how little most people look.”
  • “The curious phenomenon is that contemporary art is descended from the avant-garde but has taken something that was a radical, complex gesture and made it popular and simple, so it misrepresents [modernism’s] tradition. Have you noticed the symbolic way in museums that contemporary art is always interpolated in collections of Old Masters but no one dares to put it with modern art? It would never look cutting edge because it’s not doing anything very different.”
  • “There is an underlying fear in museums that if enough young people don’t go, it will be dead in the future. But it’s not true. Young people go to see contemporary art, then they have children, take them to see old paintings and develop a taste for it themselves.”

Yeah for him in particular on the last point, with which I heartily agree.

manet-execution-maximilian-NG3294-fmRightly, the interviewer – Jackie Wullschlager, writing recently in the Financial Times, calls Penny “a traditionalist who is so defiant he is radical.” Aside from the Burrell comments, she cites his opposition to “crazes for expensive blockbusters (“it’s not a beauty competition”) [and] contemporary art wings in museums (“deadly . . . the same white walls with the same loud, large, obvious, instantly recognisable products lined up on them”).”

But don’t start thinking that Penny, being at the National Gallery, is in an ivory tower, unchallenged by contemporary tides and unlikely to think about mundane subjects like access. In fact, he is doing something else I’ve often advocated: sending a single masterpiece out as an exhibition. Last September, the NG announced that beginning this month it was inaugurating a three-year Masterpiece Tour of the U.K. The program begins this month with Manet’s The Execution of Maximilian (at right) going on the road to Beaney House of Art & Knowledge of Canterbury Museums and Galleries, The Bowes Museum at Barnard Castle and Mead Gallery at University of Warwick.

There’s much more in the interview, which is worth a read whether or not you agree with the quotes I’ve excerpted.

Photo Credits: Courtesy of the National Gallery

In Age Of University Museums, A Thriver

MeadowsPlensaThis is becoming an age of university museums: we’ve seen new buildings, renovated buildings, new programs tied closer to non-art courses, energetic directors with larger visions — I’m thinking of places like Michigan State, Yale, UCLA, Princeton, Harvard…  We’ve also seen controversy, of course: the Rose at Brandeis, for example. Yet some might argue that the Rose is stronger now for it; certainly more people value it; more people know of the Rose.

So when The Wall Street Journal asked me to go visit the Meadows Museum at Southern Methodist University in Dallas late last year, I was interested for that reason alone. I’d never been to the Meadows — aka “The Prado on the Prairie” — although it will celebrate its 50th year in 2015. I knew the Meadows’ big ambitions — I’d already mentioned here, in 2010, that the Prado had forged a partnership with the Meadows, and I was curious to see how it had so far turned out. I also knew that it had just purchased a Goya, a portrait of his grandson that, though once owned by the legendary collector George Embiricos, and not seen publicly in more than 40 years, had failed to sell at Sotheby’s a year ago.

MeadowsCalatravaThe result of my trip in is in tomorrow’s WSJ — Spanish Meadows: A Cultural Conversation with Mark Roglan.

The short answers are the Meadows seems to be thriving, though attendance is just 50,000 a year — that’s not bad for Dallas but I think it could do better. Much of the permanent collection was in storage while I was there, sent there to make room for a special exhibition, Sorolla and America, but the central gallery, jam-packed with paintings and sculptures hung salon-style, certainly offered interesting works and I saw some more in storage. The director, Mark Roglan, is certainly energetic.

I also liked the fact that the Meadows is collecting contemporary Spanish art — and I’ve posted two sculptures here, Calatrava (bottom) and Plensa (top), which struck me as the best I’d seen there.

I did not get a picture of that central gallery (I was concentrating on my interviewing there), but below is a view of the oval gallery on the first floor, hung traditionally.

MeadowsOval

 

If you’re in Dallas/Fort Worth — go.

Photo Credits: © Judith H. Dobrzynski 

 

 

A New View Of/Place For Mayan Art

It’s an odd place to reveal new discoveries Mayan art, but if you’d like to see a nine-foot long stucco sculpture depicting a crouching jaguar, ca. 300 AD-600AD, as well as a preview of a new museum’s collection, you’ll have to head to the Los Angeles Jewelry, Antique and Design show at the LA Convention Center, Jan. 15 through 19.

JaguarThe jaguar (left), making its public debut, will be on view along with a limestone panel that was once part of a wall whose the inscription reportedly recounts a dynastic tale spanning from the year 652 AD to 799 AD, a chocolate drinking vessel and many other pre-Columbian ceramics, several dance masks, textiles and a vase (c 600-900 AD) depicting an obese ruler with an elaborate feather headdress and a mask of a huge toad, with its own headband of the “Jester God” (right).

These objects are drawn from the collection of the Museo Maya de America in Guatemala City — a not-yet built structure that is set to break ground in 2016. La Ruta Maya Foundation, which was founded in 1990 to preserve, conserve and recover Mayan objects, is sponsoring the exhibit. It was curated, according to a release, by “Sofia Paredes Maury, Fundacion La Ruta Maya;  Ines Guzman, Museo Maya de America; Raymond Senuk, Friends of Ixchel Museum; Professor Peter Markman & Dr. Allison Hanney, Xipe Projects and Adrian Lorenzana, Paiz Foundation with Conceptual Curator Gio Rossilli.”

MayanVaseTreasures of the Maya Spirit is in Los Angeles because, the foundation says, the city has the largest population of Guatemalans living outside their home country. The exhibit include about 200 examples of  Mayan art from the  Pre-Classic Mayan period (250 BC – 900 AD) through early part of twentieth-century, as well as several contemporary works that won prizes in the Guatemalan Biennale. 

Guatemala has other museums (see the list here). But the one under discussion — or in planning — is a welcome addition. The museum has a website, and a Foundation, whose mission is “to create a world-class museum responsible for safeguarding the Mayan archeological and ethnographic treasures of Guatemala. As the primary sponsor of the museum, the foundation aims to create a landmark that will bring the world to Guatemala while connecting the country to the world. The foundation’s activities focus on using art and culture as driving forces in the region’s economy.” It’s designed by Harry Gugger Studio and over, under architects of Boston.

All good news! Let’s hope it raise the necessary money to get the museum built and opened.

 

 

Hoping For A Better 2014 For The Cleveland Museum

ClevelandWestWingLast night, the Cleveland Museum of Art opened its new west wing galleries (at right), designed by Raphael Vinoly and featuring Chinese, Indian, Southeast Asian, and Himalayan art — thus completing its years-long renovation and expansion. I can’t really be specific on how long it has been — though the museum says eight years — because it seems to me that I first saw models of the plan back in the late ’90s, when the museum was led by the late Bob Bergman (who died in ’99).

The New Year’s Eve  party was a ticketed event (sold out, per the website), so the galleries really open to the public tomorrow, Friday and — nicely — on Saturday with a scholar’s day (which, oddly, includes a scavenger hunt and games as well as serious lectures).

I think we would have heard more about the New Year’s Eve celebration and the subsequent activities nationally had it not been for the unfortunate events earlier this year surrounding the museum’s recently departed director David Franklin.

But never mind: the museum, being led — strangely — by a trustee for the moment, racked up a big series of accomplishments last year, and Franklin must be given credit for most of them, his personal life notwithstanding. In mid-December, the museum listed some (here):

  • 501,314 visitors came to the museum during the 2012-2013 fiscal year — a 39% increase year-over-year and the highest attendance in more than a decade.
  • Key drivers of attendance included the opening of the museum’s 39,000 square foot atrium and the innovative Gallery One, which has won some tech awards.
  • The new north wing galleries opened.
  • The museum started some new programming initiatives, including the MIX at CMA first Friday happy hour series and Second Sundays family day programming.

Despite receiving a recent philanthropy update and the following disclosures about fundraising in the past year, I am pretty sure the museum must still raise a tidy sum to complete its $350 million capital campaign, but on New Year’s Day, I have not even tried to pin down someone at the museum — let’s just say it’s substantial. Still, the release said:

Over this period [the FY], the museum raised nearly $36 million from over 15,000 supporters and 20,000 members. In the first six months of the current fiscal year, which will end on June 30, 2014, overall fundraising has outpaced last year by more than 80%, totaling $24 million. These dollars support all aspects of the museum’s work and allow the museum to maintain a balanced budget. Since July 2012, commitments for Transformation: The Campaign for the Cleveland Museum of Art alone totaled $27 million.

The museum also is to be congratulated for starting the Joseph and Nancy Keithley Institute for Art History, on partnership with Case Western Reserve University. This initiative, designed for curators, scholars, museum directors and academic leaders, reimagines a joint doctoral program that the museum and university developed together over the past few years by stressing an “object-oriented” approach that integrates theory and methodology with intense study of actual pieces of art. It’s funded in part by the Mellon Foundation.

So Cleveland, I hope you have begun a serious search for a new, highly qualified and scholarly director, one who will match your marvelous collection. I wish you a better 2014 than 2013 turned out to be.

End Of The Year Thoughts On Museums And Money

PAYARTFORWARD_bannerToday, and for the last week, I’ve been getting emails from museums and other non-profits asking me to give to the annual fund. Likewise, when I visit museum websites in recent days, many carry a banner asking for a hand. (In fact, I am surprised when I visit a website in these final days of the year that doesn’t ask for donations…). Here’s one from LACMA, cropped, at right.

This all reminded me that way back in March, I promised here that I would be back here elaborating on an article I wrote for the Museums section of The New York Times. And then I promptly forgot about it. In the article — Country Music Temple Stays in Financial Tune – I explored the business model of the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum in Nashville. Year in, year out, the Hall gets some 80% to 90% of its budget from earned income.

What’s the applicability to art museums? The answer isn’t simple. A percentage anywhere near that high is clearly out of the reach of art museums, and rightfully so. Country music is a far more popular art form than museum-quality art — and the Hall does things that would not be acceptable at an art museum. And yet, given the economic turmoil of the last few years, which has dried up some sources of contributed income and government support, art museums must strive to maximize earned income. When money is needed, trustees generally push for museums to earn more before they reach deeper into their own pockets.

Pretty much everyone agrees that income is tied to attendance, which unfortunately leads to shows that directors tend to call “populist” but really mean “commercial.” That’s why we’ve had more exhibits lately like Jewels by JAR at the Metropolitan Museum*, which Roberta Smith eviscerated in her recent NYT review; and there have been plenty of others. 

So where does this leave art museums — which are criticized (including by me) when they do something too commercial and yet pushed to boost attendance as the be-all and end-all, the solution to money problems.

I’ve nothing against attendance, but it isn’t the whole solution. The “gate,” as we all know, provides a small proportion of earned income — though it does drive shop and restaurant expenditures. I agree with a point made by Kyle Young, the Country Music Hall’s director, in my March article, that “museums could be a lot more creative about the way they do earn money.” To a certain extent, that may mean — certainly at some museums — better management of costs. It may also mean negotiating better terms with restaurateurs (or managing in-house), selling more wine, changing operating hours, etc.

If that sounds impractical, I can only suggest a re-read of the article I wrote last January for The Wall Street Journal, about the financial model at the Peabody Essex Museum, in which director Dan Monroe laid out a vision that is nearly the opposite of the Country Music Hall of Fame. By 2018, the Peabody Essex expects to get 24% of its budget from earned income. Instead:

By 2017, when the campaign is complete, the Peabody Essex expects to finance 58% of its annual budget (projected at $35 million, up from $23 million in 2012) from the endowment. That compares with 25% in 2011.

I prefer the PEM model for art museums. But it means changing the mindset of donors. I hope that really starts happening in 2014.

Photo Credit: Courtesy of LACMA

*I consult to a foundation that supports the Met

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About Judith H. Dobrzynski

Now an independent journalist, I've worked as a reporter in the culture and business sections of The New York Times, and been the editor of the Sunday business section and deputy business editor there as well as a senior editor of Business Week and the managing editor of CNBC, the cable TV

About Real Clear Arts

This blog is about culture in America as seen through my lens, which is informed and colored by years of reporting not only on the arts and humanities, but also on business, philanthropy, science, government and other subjects. I may break news, but more likely I will comment, provide

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