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Judith H. Dobrzynski on Culture

Museums

Five Questions For Jay Xu, A Year After The Asian Art Museum’s Near-Bankruptcy

It was just over a year ago that the Asian Art Museum in San Francisco got itself out of trouble, when the city fostered a five-party agreement to restructure the museum’s debt. At the time, I also wrote a piece for the Wall Street Journal suggesting that, while circumstances did add to the museum’s troubles, perhaps it wasn’t all that wise to get itself into high finance.

All that is behind the museum now. In fact, last September it re-launched with a new logo (which requires an explanation, alas) and a new mission, as covered in The New York Times. And it has been acquiring works, one outlined here.

It seemed time to check in with the museum’s director, Jay Xu, who was hired in 2008. A native of Shanghai, Xu became curator of Asian Art at the Art Institute of Chicago in 2003, after heading the Seattle Museum’s department of Asian art and serving as curator of Chinese art theres for seven years. He also worked at the Shanghai Museum, and earned a master’s degree in art history from Princeton and worked as a fellow in Asian art at New York’s Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Earlier this month, I sent him Five Questions – here are his repsonses.
1) 2011 was supposed to be fresh start for the museum, a reinvention with new branding to reach new audiences: it’s early days, but given attendance so far, will the 2011-2012 attendance number be closer to the 187,000 last year or the 300,000 average?
We plan to be above 200,000, which, according to benchmark data from AAMD, is relatively high compared to museums of similar budget and exhibition space. In our case, lower attendance over the past 18 months is a result of reducing the number of exhibitions. We chose to emphasize unique, first-of-their-kind exhibitions (Shanghai, 2010; Bali, 2011; Maharaja, currently), and have them on view for a longer period, in order to maintain a balanced budget during the economic downturn. If you present a third fewer major exhibitions per year, you’re naturally going to see a corresponding impact on attendance. Still, our Shanghai exhibition was our third most popular exhibition in the past nine years. Maharaja is tracking close to that. We’ll return to a more robust exhibition schedule this year.

Our membership base has stayed steady over the last 18 months, and the most recent visitor surveys suggest that there’s stronger visitor satisfaction, which was one of the goals of our rebranding project.

2) In your blog, you mention that all three current exhibitions show “traditional and contemporary artworks side by side” – do you see that continuing with all special exhibitions going forward or are you striving for some optimal mix?

Where appropriate, we will seek to incorporate contemporary elements. Our next two shows—both organized by us—will have strong contemporary components. Phantoms of Asia: Contemporary Awakens the Past (May 18–September 2) is our first really comprehensive effort in presenting contemporary art. Taking Asian spirituality as its theme, Phantoms is curated by Mami Kataoka, chief curator of Tokyo’s Mori Art Museum; she has partnered with our curators in juxtaposing new and traditional works. The show will fill our special exhibition spaces, and spill into our collection galleries.

The second show, Out of Character: Decoding Chinese Calligraphy (October 5–December 30), features 45 examples of Chinese calligraphy—some dating back to the 14th century, together with an original commissioned work by contemporary artist Xu Bing that will respond to one of the calligraphies. The show also includes paintings by Brice Marden, Franz Kline, and Mark Tobey borrowed from SFMOMA.

3) What is the museum’s financial situation now – is the total principal owed still $98 million, what has the museum had to pay in interest this fiscal year, and is the museum operating in the black?

"Maharajah" - Courtesy of the Asian Art Museum

Museum operations are always in the black. Our general operating budget is separate from our debt servicing. Contributed income from supporters remains strong. Our recent gala for the Maharaja exhibition drew 630 guests, and netted more than $750,000—the most successful fundraising event in the museum’s history.

We instituted a $5 surcharge for recent special exhibitions, which allowed us to maintain a consistent level of earned income despite fewer visitors due to the reduced exhibition schedule. We are now able to eliminate the surcharge for our next two exhibitions. It’s important to remember that revenue from ticket sales only makes up 5-8% of our annual budget.

The loan facilitated by the City of San Francisco to restructure our debt is $97 million, over a 30-year term with a 4.6% fixed interest rate. The principle begins to amortize beginning with the second year of the loan, beginning February 2012.

4) Of the $20 million the museum must raise (stated in the 2011 agreement with the city), how much has been raised so far?

We’ve hired a national capital campaign consulting firm to help us determine the scope of a fundraising campaign, one that potentially goes beyond the required $20 million. A larger campaign would allow us to strengthen our endowment, plus pursue new programs. The consulting firm will complete its planning study early this year. Our partners at City Hall have been kept up to date on this plan.

5) So many museums around the U.S. are expanding their Asian art offerings – we’ve seen several terrific special exhibitions of late, as well as expanding permanent collections – to respond to population change. What can the Asian Art Museum offer that they don’t?

That’s the question we asked when developing our approach to contemporary art. What can we offer that no one else can? The answer came back to our collection. While many museums have Asian offerings, our museum is one of the few that can present its pan-Asian collection as a comprehensive whole, using standard nomenclature, with themes and storylines that run throughout the museum’s galleries. This comprehensive presentation makes the collection comfortably accessible, providing a rich experience to all museum visitors—from novice to connoisseur to scholar.

We are uniquely positioned to juxtapose, compare, inform, and tell stories with artworks past and present. Our aim is to highlight interconnectivity across time and place, connecting our visitors with Asian art and culture in new, engaging ways. This is what makes our upcoming exhibition, Phantoms of Asia, so compelling, and such a great example of the revitalized Asian Art Museum.

The Art Institute Of Chicago Links Up With India

In some art circles, as in economic circles, Asia looms very large — as competition.  Some worry aloud that the West may lose its influence over culture to China and India, that someday we’ll all be gazing at and buying art from contemporary Asian artists rather than American and European ones. And worse, that tourists will be prowling all over new Asian museums rather than our own. Bye, bye, the 5 million visitors at the Metropolitan Museum and the 8 million at the Louvre.
 
Untitled, 1934. Courtesy of the AIC

I’ve always thought the hand-wringing was overdone, at least for my lifetime.

And this weekend, the Art Institute of Chicago hosted a delegation from India that is all about cooperation, rather than competition; it’s a welcome development. Although no dollar figure was disclosed, the AIC said that it had received “a major grant” from the government of India — the first grant ever made by the Indian government to an American art museum. In return, via the four-year Vivekananda Memorial Program for Museum Excellence, the AIC “will serve as a resource center regarding best museum practices for museum professionals in India; will create fellowships across many different museum departments for colleagues from India; and will send a group of Art Institute staff regularly to India to conduct workshops, seminars, lectures, and courses.”

Now, some may see this as selling our competitors the rope to hang ourselves with, as the old Soviet-era axiom went. I don’t — and the AIC certainly does not. It traces its relationship with India to September 11, 1893, when Swami Vivekananda spoke about religious tolerance at what is now the Art Institute at the first World’s Parliament of Religions, held in conjunction with the World’s Columbian Exposition. And it’s thrilled with the lasting nature of it.

“It is a supreme honor to be recognized by the Government of India as a partner in the preservation, exhibition, and promotion of India’s cultural heritage,” said Douglas Druick, the director. 

On Saturday, the Art Institute also opened as exhibition loaned directly by the Government of India, The Last Harvest: Paintings of Rabindranath Tagore. Tagore (1861–1941) – novelist, poet, musician, philosopher and the first non-European to be awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature (in 1913) — was also a painter. Sixty-one of them are on view in Chicago, offering “a glimpse into the visionary mind of this influential thinker.”

One picture, all that’s up on the AIC website, is not enough to tell anything, and I haven’t found a review of the exhibition yet. But  I’m looking forward to seeing more of his work.

And as I look around the exhibition schedules of U.S. museums for the coming months, I see more and more shows about distant cultures, which makes the life of art museums a lot more interesting.  

 

Final Thoughts On Crystal Bridges — For 2011, That Is

When I wrote my review of the Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art for the Wall Street Journal, which was published a few weeks ago, and mentioned here, I did not have the space to cover several noteworthy aspects of the project.

CBsculpture.jpgNoteworthy and, for the most part, laudable. Perhaps noting them will help counter the mostly misguided criticism of the museum’s benefactor, Alice Walton.

Let’s start with the name itself. Some people, ridiculously, in my opinion, have crticized the name Walton chose for the museum, saying it sounds more like a housing subdivision than a museum. Would they have preferred the Alice Walton Museum, a la the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, the Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum or the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh (among so many others)? Or would they prefer what is happening in Miami? Rather, Walton followed the practice of the Libbeys, in Toledo, among many others, and wisely decided against naming the museum after herself.

LibraryArea.jpgNext, the setting: Although I haven’t traversed all of the trails on the land surrounding the museum, I have on my two visits been able to walk some of them. They are lovely on their own, and while some large-scale sculptures sit on the premises (as above, Shore Lunch by Dan Ostermiller), they are sparse — so far — leaving plenty of room for nature. The building itself, which has several awkward features, does sit well in the ravine, relating to the terrain around it. Nice choice.

One little-mentioned feature of the museum is its library, which already includes more than 50,000 items (books, manuscripts and a large collection of color plates), about two-thirds of which are available for the public to use or to browse. The library area (above left) includes open stacks — contrast that with the many museums where books in stacks, if available, must be called for hours in advance. Only the rare books must be requested, and the museum promises to bring some out for display.

CBboardroom.jpgAnd forget the uncomfortable furniture found in many libraries — Crystal Bridges offers comfortable chairs, desks and computers. Books and art periodicals have also been placed between galleries, allowing visitors to rest, to take a breather, in little lounges before taking in the next tranch of art.

The furniture for the public isn’t fancy — but neither is that for the trustees. Crystal Bridges’ boardroom (right) is not a leather-chair and mahogany kind of place; it is, as you can see for yourself, rather plain.

CBstore.jpgCrystal Bridges has a museum store — and a good one, very handsomely designed by Marlon Blackwell, as the photo at left attests –but it is not placed obnoxiously in front of the exit, so that all visitors must pass through it.

In fact, the store (3,000 sq ft) sits off to the side and some visitors might even miss it. They shouldn’t: even looking is fun. See the display of Native American products at right, below.

CBStoredisplay.jpgThe museum also contains an auditorium, or, as it terms it, a “Great Hall” for lectures, concerts, films and other events — the one place I could not enter on either of my visits. It wasn’t finished last spring (there was only a hole in the ground then) and it was being set up for a concert when I visited in early December. The guard could not be persuaded to let me have a brief look.

But the photo below of its exterior shows some of its probable charms.

GreatHall.jpgThe hallway linking the main part of the museum to the Great Hall contains another admirable feature: the “community showcase.” Display cases have been inset in the walls, and area museums have been invited to place small displays drawn from their collections on view. This way, visitors to Crystal Bridges are exposed to other cultural institutions in the area, and they benefit from free publicity. Nice idea. The final photo, below, shows one of them currently on view. (Apologies for the poor picture quality. I was snapping during evening hours, which required a flash, and taking the pictures as museum visitors walked along the wall. I had to click fast.)

Display.jpgAnd did I mention the iPods? Visitors, upon surrender of a driver’s license or credit card, listen to guides about the collection on iPods, with Walton, museum director Don Bacigalupi and various curators providing commentary or dialogue for about two dozen works of art on view.

The recordings are broken into sections, a couple of minutes each, and visitors choose which and how many they’d like to hear.

I haven’t mentioned the education programs, about which I know little except that they exist, or the cafe and restaurant. I tried the latter, for dinner, and the food was fine.

Personally, I think Crystal Bridges will exceed its prediction of 150,000 to 300,000 visitors in its first year (though all the free timed tickets required for the first two months were not claimed).

That’s it on Crystal Bridges for this year. But I still haven’t emptied my notebooks on this museum, so we’ll see if what 2012 brings requires more comment.

Photo Credits: Copyright Judith H. Dobrzynski

More Than Meets The Eye In Getty, MFA Personnel Announcements — UPDATED

Get out your glasses: we have to read between the lines of a couple of personnel announcements.

First, the shocking news (!) today from the Getty: In a press release, Getty Trust president and CEO James Cuno “announced that David Bomford, acting director of the J. Paul Getty Museum, will leave the Museum on February 1 and return to London where he plans to pursue research, scholarship and writing.”

Whoa: a tough announcement. Things must be pretty bad when the press office doesn’t even try to sneak out an announcement like that on a Friday afternoon. Either Bomford, who joined the Getty in April 2007 as Associate Director for Collections and was appointed Acting Museum Director in January 2010, doesn’t get along with Cuno, or Cuno doesn’t think Bomford is cut out to be museum director. Cuno took this post at the Getty last Aug. 1.

Thumbnail image for jpgWe wait for the next move: either Cuno (left) is going to take the reins of the museum himself, something the Getty board has always opposed — but which many outsiders believe would be an improvement on the current Getty governance structure – or Cuno better be about to announce someone good for the job. Recruiting for the job is no picnic.

Is the Getty cursed when it comes to management? A self-curse?

UPDATE, 12/14: The Los Angeles Times cites Cuno saying that he had not had conversations with Bomford about the museum director’s job, and confirms that Cuno will serve as his own acting museum director until an appointment is made.

Any chance it could last beyond a year? “Only if I fail to appoint a director, which is not my design, that’s for sure,” he said. “The job I have is demanding and the museum director’s job is demanding, and I don’t know that I could handle two of them.”

He said he plans to name a new museum director “by the end of this fiscal year–June 30” and has been working with the search firm Russell Reynolds to that end.

Second, in an internal email last week, Katherine Getchell, deputy director, curatorial, at the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, announced a replacement for George Shackelford, the former chair of the Art of Europe, who just departed to take up the post of senior deputy director and chief curator at the Kimbell Art Museum in Fort Worth.

It’s Malcolm Rogers, the MFA’s director. Huh?

MRogers.jpgOk, he’s “acting” director of the Art of Europe, and the email says that Rogers (right) will rely on the team assembled by Shackelford. By way of explanation, it said that the museum plans to open new Art of Europe galleries, greatly expanded when the Art of the Americas galleries moved to their own wing last year, next fall. There’s simply no time, the museum said, to recruit someone and make all the acquisitions, exhibition plans, gallery designs and reinstallations, in time.

It will, however, hire a curator for 19th century French art (Shackelford’s speciality).

This might be more believable if the news of Shackelford’s departure were new. But that was announced last July. Why wasn’t a search started then? If it had been, why such little progress? There’s more to know here, just as there is in LA.

Photo Credits: Courtesy of the Getty (top) and MFA (bottom)

 

Sneak Preview: An Early Look At What’s New At The Still Museum

The Clyfford Still Museum opens officially on Friday at 10 a.m., although the grand opening party takes places Wednesday night — and it’s sold out.

1952_PH-4.jpgI’m sure many people will visit at first. But it’s an open question whether Still’s art has the staying power, whether there’s enough interest in his works, enough variety in his works, to keep people coming. Last week’s auction, with four paintings selling for $114.1 million, brought much wanted attention, raising his public presence, but people will soon forget those prices. 

Yet Still may surprise people. Last spring, months before I wrote a Cultural Conversation with the museum’s director, Dean Sobel, for the Wall Street Journal (published last month), I visited the suburban Washington storehouse where Clyfford Still’s paintings had been stored.

Paintings were everywhere – rolled up on shelves; hanging loose, unframed; stretched an lined up against walls; on the floor; in stacks on racks; and so on. And there’s more variety than I’d expected, based on what I had seen before. Here are two that I particularly liked.

Above is PH-4, from 1952. It has never been shown. It’s luminous.

Sobel also told me how he and adjunct curator David Anfam, kept thinking, as they went through all of Still’s paintings — some 825 of them — that there had to be a big blue painting. The Hirshhorn Museum owns one, but after going through all the slides of art they;d been given, they were asking “where’s his great blue painting?”

When Sobel called Still’s daughters, he learned that there had been about 10 paintings that had been too big to photograph — among them was a great blue one, labeled 1951 B, and it’s more than 14 feet wide. It was one of the first paintings he made in New York City, and it was shown only once, at the inaugural exhibition of the Institute of Contemporary Art in Philadelphia, in 1963. I watched the art handlers unroll it for me to see when I was at the warehouse, and I will be eager to see it stretched and in person. This isn’t the best photo of it, but here’s a sneak preview:

1951 B.jpg

Photo Credits: (C) Courtesy of the Clyfford Still Museum  

 

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About Judith H. Dobrzynski

Now an independent journalist, I've worked as a reporter in the culture and business sections of The New York Times, and been the editor of the Sunday business section and deputy business editor there as well as a senior editor of Business Week and the managing editor of CNBC, the cable TV

About Real Clear Arts

This blog is about culture in America as seen through my lens, which is informed and colored by years of reporting not only on the arts and humanities, but also on business, philanthropy, science, government and other subjects. I may break news, but more likely I will comment, provide

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