The Devil Is in the Metronome Marking

I wonder if other there are other composers who have the same relation to tempo that I do. I sometimes struggle with the beginning of a piece until I get the tempo right. In recent months I've written sketches for a piece commissioned by the Seattle Chamber Players for next January. I wrote a passage at quarter-note = 88. Didn't feel right. Wrote further passages at that tempo. All fell limp the next time I looked at them. Tried a new passage at 112. Even worse. Finally, today, I got an idea at quarter-note = 84 and suddenly wrote 100 seconds of music in an hour. 84 is a good tempo for me, and one I've used before: calm, unhurried, and yet with a little energy. Yet after I've written a piece, I generally give the performer(s) considerable leeway with tempo. In the case of The Day Revisited, though, I learned from experience that the piece only works at half-note = 50, which was the first tempo I'd marked - not a beat more or less.

On the other hand, for my Disklavier pieces I've gotten in the habit of accepting Sibelius's default tempo of quarter-note = 100, and, since there are no performers to worry about, simply used quintuplets or septuplets or 13th-lets or whatever to get the speed I want.

I'll never forget how at the first June in Buffalo festival, 1975, at dinner one night Morton Feldman talked about how young composers used to write everything at 60, but lately they had all started using 72. That was my first inkling that even a tempo could become a cliché. One of the great things about Feldman was that he could pick out clichés no one else would have recognized. I hope 84 isn't becoming a fad.

July 12, 2007 10:09 PM | | Comments (5)

Categories:

5 Comments

I never used to obsess about tempo when I wrote in pencil at a desk or at the piano. These days, when I write in Sibelius, I'm always playing passages back and worrying that they're just a little too fast or a little too slow. It's kind of an unwelcome distraction - I spend less time in the flow of writing, and keep getting second thoughts about the sound of what I've just written instead of moving forward.

What is the perfect tempo in one space doesn't necessarily work in another. Even the weather can change things. I always have this image in mind of a hang glider- the density of the air supports the glider. I use that same idea with metronome markings - the right one will find that air pocket and soar. Too fast and it's out of control, too slow and it falls to the ground.

Seems to me that there's a Stravinsky quote somewhere saying something very similar: that he couldn't really get started writing until he had the tempo squared away. (possibly one of the many unreliable quotes, but you takes your cahnces...)

I have almost the reverse problem -- I tend to set my tempo from the getgo on the basis either of the first idea I come up with that I like or sometimes even arbitrarily. (I've noticed the danger of defaulting to the standard 100 or 120 BPM that Cakewalk has, at different times, started you out with and try to avoid it.) Then my later material tends to flow from that tempo. Except that historically I've also found that live performances need to take the tempo down slightly from the ideal MIDI tempo -- this particular problem has lessened as my MIDI rig has gotten more realistic sounding.

Perception of time varies with body temperature (according to NASA, as reported in Scientific American about 1993, look it up yourself if you're feeling wikilicious), therefore with season, latitude and age.

Anyway the Spaniard in the Wurst of the whole thing is notation, it seems to me. Ignoring notation, playings with time such as metric modulation, acc/decc and "swing" with MIDI sequencers are easy as pie, at least with Cubase, for it features "snap-off" event entry and a "conducter" kind of master timeline in which you can draw tempo curves to taste.

The resulting notation is illegible.

Leave a comment

Sites To See

Postclassic Radio! - Kyle Gann's internet radio station that accompanies the blog; see the playlist at kylegann.com

American Mavericks - the Minnesota Public radio program about American music (scripted by Kyle Gann with Tom Voegeli)

Kalvos & Damian's New Music Bazaar - a cornucopia of music, interviews, information by, with, and on hundreds of intriguing composers who are not the Usual Suspects

Iridian Radio - an intelligently mellow new-music station

New Music Box - the premiere site for keeping up with what American composers are doing and thinking

The Rest Is Noise - The fine blog of critic Alex Ross

William Duckworth's Cathedral - the first interactive web composition and home page of a great postminimalist composer

Mikel Rouse's Home Page - the greatest opera composer of my generation

Eve Beglarian's Home Page - great Downtown composer

Just Intonation Network - a meeting place for people interested in alternative tunings

Erling Wold's Web Site - a fine San Francisco composer of deceptively simple-seeming music, and a model web site

The Dane Rudhyar Archive - the complete site for the music, poetry, painting, and ideas of a greatly underrated composer who became America's greatest astrologer

Utopian Turtletop, John Shaw's thoughtful blog about new music and other issues

About this Entry

This page contains a single entry by PostClassic published on July 12, 2007 10:09 PM.

Odds and Ends was the previous entry in this blog.

Can Snidely Whiplash Be Stopped in Time? is the next entry in this blog.

Find recent content on the main index or look in the archives to find all content.

AJ Ads

Introducing
AJ Arts Blog Ads

Now you can reach the most discerning arts blog readers on the internet. Target individual blogs or topics in the ArtsJournal ad network.

Advertise Here

AJ Blogs

AJBlogCentral | rss

culture
About Last Night
Terry Teachout on the arts in New York City
Artful Manager
Andrew Taylor on the business of arts & culture
blog riley
rock culture approximately
CultureGulf
Rebuilding Gulf Culture after Katrina
Dewey21C
Richard Kessler on arts education
diacritical
Douglas McLennan's blog
Flyover
Art from the American Outback
Life's a Pitch
For immediate release: the arts are marketable
Mind the Gap
No genre is the new genre
Rockwell Matters
John Rockwell on the arts
Straight Up |
Jan Herman - arts, media & culture with 'tude

dance
Foot in Mouth
Apollinaire Scherr talks about dance
Seeing Things
Tobi Tobias on dance et al...

jazz
Jazz Beyond Jazz
Howard Mandel's freelance Urban Improvisation
ListenGood
Focus on New Orleans. Jazz and Other Sounds
Rifftides
Doug Ramsey on Jazz and other matters...

media
Out There
Jeff Weinstein's Cultural Mixology
Serious Popcorn
Martha Bayles on Film...

classical music
The Future of Classical Music?
Greg Sandow performs a book-in-progress
On the Record
Exploring Orchestras w/ Henry Fogel
Overflow
Harvey Sachs on music, and various digressions
PostClassic
Kyle Gann on music after the fact
Sandow
Greg Sandow on the future of Classical Music
Slipped Disc
Norman Lebrecht on Shifting Sound Worlds

publishing
book/daddy
Jerome Weeks on Books
Quick Study
Scott McLemee on books, ideas & trash-culture ephemera

theatre
Drama Queen
Wendy Rosenfield: covering drama, onstage and off
lies like truth
Chloe Veltman on how culture will save the world
Stage Write
Elizabeth Zimmer on time-based art forms

visual
Aesthetic Grounds
Public Art, Public Space
Artopia
John Perreault's art diary
CultureGrrl
Lee Rosenbaum's Cultural Commentary
Modern Art Notes
Tyler Green's modern & contemporary art blog
Creative Commons License
This weblog is licensed under a Creative Commons License.