{"id":250,"date":"2013-03-26T05:30:54","date_gmt":"2013-03-26T12:30:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/?p=250"},"modified":"2013-03-26T06:01:39","modified_gmt":"2013-03-26T13:01:39","slug":"yesand-tackling-racial-diversity-by-looking-to-the-things-adjacent","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/2013\/03\/yesand-tackling-racial-diversity-by-looking-to-the-things-adjacent.html","title":{"rendered":"Yes\/And &#8212; tackling racial diversity by looking to the things adjacent"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Richman.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-251\" alt=\"Richman\" src=\"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Richman-171x300.png\" width=\"171\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Richman-171x300.png 171w, https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Richman-285x500.png 285w, https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Richman.png 342w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 171px) 100vw, 171px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Today, in DC, people are sporting red shirts and red scarves, red hats and pants, socks, one assumes underwear&#8211;and many of them are wandering toward the Supreme Court, where today there is hope that nine people dressed in black will carry forward a message of equality. \u00a0There&#8217;s a buzz here, and it has encouraged me to think about diversity more broadly, to understand that tackling the issue of whiteness that has disseminated so widely through the blogosphere (and been discussed so eloquently just recently by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/jumper\" target=\"_blank\">Diane Ragsdale<\/a>) is more difficult if we allow ourselves to only discuss the most obvious part of the problem.<\/p>\n<p>Having a conversation about the diversity of the arts that centers so strongly and specifically around \u201cwhiteness\u201d and, from there, on race and ethnicity as the benchmarks for diversity, as extraordinary and truly inspiring as that conversation has been, is, I fear, problematic for making true progress on diversification in the arts field.\u00a0 As much as I strongly believe in the racial diversification of the arts field (and, you know, everything), I have begun to fear that we&#8217;re inadvertently offering an out by focusing so specifically on one characteristic.<\/p>\n<p>Discussing whiteness in a vacuum that seals it off from other types of diversity can allow people to feel like we\u2019re ripping the cover off of something dark and hidden, something that makes\u00a0them feel uncomfortable, to have a <i>difficult<\/i> and <i>necessary<\/i> conversation.\u00a0 People can <i>wrestle<\/i> with the demons of our generational past.\u00a0 They can speak to their internal selves, check their barometers, and assuage liberal guilt for the moments of casual racism they see by airing them.\u00a0 They can lament the reality, see the numbers, and express disbelief at our homogeneity.\u00a0 And then they can feel the full weight of 240-plus years of racial intractability and injustice, interwoven so seamlessly into our whole social fabric, and they can throw up their hands and say the problem is <i>too big<\/i>, the weight of the whiteness <i>too great<\/i>. And then they can continue on as they have, feeling better for having bared their souls, fought their demons, publicly voiced their accidental racism, and having changed very little.<\/p>\n<p>This is my fear.<\/p>\n<p>There is value in conversation.\u00a0 But there is more value in change.<\/p>\n<p>The truth is, there\u2019s an obvious and pervasive racial disparity both inside and outside the arts.\u00a0 But, whereas inside the arts we seem to be mostly having a conversation about it through a tiny microscope, diving deep into the perplexities of racial disparity as though it exists alone, in the larger world the conversation almost immediately rolls out large, expansive, complex.\u00a0 In focusing so specifically on race\u2014on whiteness as a racial or ethnic construct\u2014I worry that we are both laying a simplified screen over a terribly complex issue and setting up the field for a conversation about intractability instead of a conversation about manageable change.<\/p>\n<p>The diversity research I\u2019m doing, the racial results of which I outlined previously, isn\u2019t confined to race.\u00a0 We, in fact, looked at seven different types of diversity including race\/ethnicity, age, gender, household income, political affiliation, marital status and educational attainment.\u00a0 And while there are a lot of findings around how those various types of diversity are affected by things like company size, average ticket price, and percentage spent on marketing, in the context of this conversation about whiteness, the finding that seems most germane is that race is correlated highly with some other types of diversity.\u00a0 In fact, at statistically significant rates, the racial\/ethnic diversity of an audience increases in tandem with the household income diversity, the age diversity and the marital status diversity of that audience.<\/p>\n<p>As baselines, audiences vs. general population statistics from the study were as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Race: Audiences 88% white, general population 42% white<\/li>\n<li>Household income: Audiences $108,000, general population $65,000<\/li>\n<li>Average age: Audiences 59 years, general population 48 years**<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>As a practical matter, this means that \u201cmore diversity\u201d in these areas means (1) fewer white people, (2) more people who make less money, and (3) younger people.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/race-vs-other-diversities.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-253\" alt=\"Print\" src=\"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/race-vs-other-diversities.jpg\" width=\"287\" height=\"625\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/race-vs-other-diversities.jpg 287w, https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/race-vs-other-diversities-229x500.jpg 229w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 287px) 100vw, 287px\" \/><\/a>To connect the dots, then, before even looking at the variations in company characteristics, we can identify things that may change (or at least change in tandem with) racial diversity\u2014<strong>more racial diversity occurs in groups that are more economically diverse and more age diverse.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Of course.\u00a0 Right?<\/p>\n<p>We live in a country where being white, according to data from the U.S. Census Bureau, means on average that you have an average household income that is 158% that of a black family and 135% that of a Latino family.\u00a0 On top of the inherent disparity that immediately creates around ability to pay, household income, because of the strong pressures on monies allocated to the public school system in California, is strongly tied to the prevalence of arts education programs in schools\u2014per the Irvine Foundation\u2019s report <i>An Unfinished Canvas<\/i>, in all four genres (music, dance, drama and visual art), \u201cstudents attending high poverty schools have less access to arts institutions than their peers in more affluent communities.\u201d\u00a0 Because this economic segregation also generally incurs racial segregation (echoing the correlations we see in our theatre diversity study), those \u201chigh poverty schools\u201d have higher rates of non-white children.<\/p>\n<p>We live in a country where white populations are declining and Latino, mixed race and black populations are on the rise.\u00a0 Per the US Census Bureau, the average age of the white general population (all ages) is 37 years versus a black average age of 29 years and a Hispanic average age of 27 years.\u00a0 Audiences that manage to attract younger people will, by virtue of the higher rates of non-white within those age brackets, attain some level of further racial diversity.<\/p>\n<p>These diversities are, themselves, connected with each other, of course, and with the other type of diversity that shows a significant correlation to race: marital status.\u00a0 Younger people are less likely to be married.\u00a0 Older people are, by virtue of being around longer, more likely to have paired off and become married.\u00a0 Married, older people are more likely to have more money.\u00a0 The stone rolls down the hill.<\/p>\n<p>Does this all just make a complex problem more complex?\u00a0 I don\u2019t think so.\u00a0 I think that it actually gives us more traction to actually get something done.\u00a0 We can stop (or at least stop <i>only) <\/i>asking ourselves \u201cHow do we get more people of color through the door?\u201d and start asking more questions, none of which are necessarily easier but any of which might provide incremental change.<\/p>\n<p>I once heard a managing director of a LORT level theatre say that she didn\u2019t think we had a race issue in terms of theatre audiences, she thought we had a class issue.\u00a0 Her argument was that American racial disparity is primarily a class disparity, and\u2014and here\u2019s where I stop agreeing\u2014that our best course of action as a field might be to simply wait a generation or two until more people of the other races have moved up the economic and class ladders, and, having now perched higher, will then have the resources and inclination to patronize the arts.<\/p>\n<p>While my mind sort of disintegrates in the face of that argument (my mind immediately jumps to that quote from <i>The Birdcage<\/i>, \u201cI assure you, Mother is just following a train of thought to a logical, yet absurd conclusion&#8230;much in the same way Jonathan Swift did when he suggested the Irish feed their babies to the rich.), I do believe we all must grapple with the inherent truth at the start of it\u2014race is a class issue in America, and we have a complex and multi-faceted class problem on our hands.\u00a0 I grappled with what initially felt like a seeping of hope until I turned the conversation around for myself\u2014knowing these interconnections is not a cause to freeze, overcome with the impossibility of the task, but is instead a grateful influx of more specifics, more details, which, when parsed, can lead us to experiments that may reveal how to get a little closer to point B from point A.<\/p>\n<p>If we seek to diversify the arts\u2014whether that\u2019s because we think it\u2019s right or because we\u2019re worried about surviving or because we\u2019re being forced to by funders or because of some other variation\u2014we must do so with an understanding of the various parts of what that means.\u00a0 The weight we have been discussing in the blogosphere these last months is of \u201cwhiteness\u201d only if whiteness is defined as something larger than skin color&#8211;a truth that, while difficult to swallow, is so much more holistically true and actionable than the narrower conception with which we&#8217;ve mostly been concerning ourselves.\u00a0 We cannot tune this violin by simply turning one peg\u2014we must turn them all.<\/p>\n<p><i>** (when you exclude anyone under 18, as we did for both samples in this research)<\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>Portions of this blog post originally appeared, in slightly different form, in an article I wrote on racial diversity in Bay Area theatre for Theatre Bay Area magazine called \u201cWho\u2019s at the Table?\u201d in 2010.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Today, in DC, people are sporting red shirts and red scarves, red hats and pants, socks, one assumes underwear&#8211;and many of them are wandering toward the Supreme Court, where today there is hope that nine people dressed in black will carry forward a message of equality. \u00a0There&#8217;s a buzz here, and it has encouraged me [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":251,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8,4],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-250","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-audience-development","8":"category-main","9":"entry"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/250","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=250"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/250\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/251"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=250"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=250"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.artsjournal.com\/newbeans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=250"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}